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Memorial Stadium

Baltimore Orioles, 1954-91


Originally a 31,000-seat stadium used for football and minor-league baseball, Memorial Stadium was built in 1949 to replace Oriole Park (home of the local International League club) which had burned down five years earlier. When the Browns moved from St. Louis to become the Orioles in 1954, an uncovered second deck was added to the stadium, increasing the park's capacity to nearly 48,000 but also creating numerous obstructed-view seats in the lower level with its bulky concrete support columns. A later extension of the upper deck ultimately increased the seating capacity to 54,000 for baseball and 65,000 for Colts football.
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Memorial Stadium's exterior is predominantly a reddish-brown brick, and the home plate end has a tall concrete wall bearing an inscription honoring the city's war dead. The playing field is natural grass with a large foul territory. While the right- and left-field corners are only 309 feet away, the fences shoot out sharply to 360 feet before sloping more gradually toward a 405 foot center field. In its first seasons, the power alleys and center field were all deeper than 445 feet, making this an extreme pitcher's park.

An inner fence later reduced that dimension by about 40 feet, but over its history the park still noticeably suppressed scoring and home runs. Frank Robinson became the only man to hit a home run long enough to leave the stadium completely when he drove a Luis Tiant pitch over the left field bleachers on May 8, 1966.

When the second Washington Senators franchise left the nation's capital after the 1971 season, Memorial Stadium inherited the spring ritual of US Presidents throwing out the first ball on opening day. It also entertained visiting British royalty. The stadium’s concession stands served the only crab cakes in the majors, a tradition that has been passed on to its successor, Oriole Park at Camden Yards.

After the Orioles left, the stadium was occupied for one season by the homeless minor-league Bowie Bay Sox, whose own stadium construction in a Washington suburb was severely delayed. It is now home to the Baltimore Ravens while the football team builds own downtown stadium a block from Camden Yards. Thus, Memorial Stadium has housed two different minor league baseball teams, a major league team, and two different NFL franchises. (SCL/JP)


Contribute your recollections of Memorial Stadium by clicking here.
FROM THE BASEBALL CHRONOLOGY
» August 20, 1948: The Indians draw record 78,382 for the largest crowd to attend a night game. The Indians go on to beat the Chicago White Sox, 1–0, at Memorial Stadium as Satchel Paige blanks the opposition on three hits for the 4th consecutive shutout by Cleveland hurlers. Bill Wight is the hard-luck loser. Besides Paige, Gene Bearden, Sam Zoldak, and Bob Lemon fired shutouts.

» April 15, 1954: The Orioles Clint Courtney hits the first home run in Memorial Stadium. Following a 90-minute parade, they draw an Opening Day record crowd of 46,354 in a 3–1 afternoon win against the White Sox. Bob Turley strikes out nine in besting Virgil Trucks. Vern Stephens and Clint Courtney homer for the O's.

» April 21, 1954: In the first night game at Baltimore's Memorial Stadium, Bob Turley has a no-hitter against Cleveland when, with one out in the 9th, Al Rosen singles and Larry Doby homers. Turley strikes out 14, but loses, 2–1.

» May 16, 1954: The Orioles draw a record Memorial Stadium crowd of 46,796 for a doubleheader with the Yankees. Allie Reynolds wins the opener for New York, 2–0, on three hits, before Don Larsen stops the Yankees, 6–2 in the nitecap.

» July 8, 1958: The AL edges the NL 4-3 in the All-Star Game played at Baltimore's Memorial Stadium. The Yankees Gil McDougald singles to score Boston's Frank Malzone with the deciding run. Billy O'Dell of San Francisco pitches perfect ball for three innings and gets the save. This is the first All-Star Game played without an extra-base hit.

» June 10, 1959: Rocky Colavito hits four consecutive home runs in Baltimore's Memorial Stadium to lead the Indians to an 11–8 win. Colavito joins Lou Gehrig and Bobby Lowe as the only ML players to hit four consecutive four-baggers.

» August 14, 1961: At Memorial Stadium, the Cards Ernie Broglio allows just five Dodger hits in shutting out Los Angeles, 5–0. Don Drysdale takes the loss. For the Dodgers, this will be the start of a ten-game losing streak.

» May 15, 1965: At Memorial Stadium, Mickey Mantle slices an opposite field homer in the 8th inning off Dick Hall to give New York a 3–2 win over the Orioles.

» May 8, 1966: Orioles RF Frank Robinson hits the first ball ever hit completely out of Baltimore's Memorial Stadium, a 451-foot shot, ending Luis Tiant's scoreless-innings streak at 27. Baltimore wins 8–3 and ties Cleveland for first place.

» August 9, 1968: California pitchers plunk Baltimore batters three times in the 7th inning at Memorial Stadium, tying the American League record for hit batsmen in one inning. Baltimore wins 3–0.

» August 27, 1968: Sweeping a doubleheader from Oakland 5–3 and 7–2 at Memorial Stadium, the Orioles stay four games in back of first-place Detroit.

» July 19, 1969: At War Memorial Stadium in Buffalo, a knife-wielding gang takes over the club house during batting practice. The International League game is postponed due to "threatening weather."

» May 3, 1981: The Blue Jays end a 19-game losing streak at Memorial Stadium, beating the Orioles 4–2. It is their first win in Baltimore since July 1978.

» October 1, 1982: Trailing the first-place Brewers in the American League East, the Orioles sweep a doubleheader with them 8–3 and 7–1 to cut their deficit to one game. 51,583 fans at Memorial Stadium cheer the O's on.

» April 14, 1988: The AAA Buffalo Bisons open their new 19,500 seat Pilot Field, named after Pilot Air Freight which paid $1.02 million for the naming rights. The Stadium replaces War Memorial Stadium, nicknamed, the Rockpile, which has been given to Canisius College. In this opener, Buffalo tops the Denver Zephyrs, 1–0, before 19,500. Buffalo's attendance will jump from 495,000 to 1.147,651 this year, a new minor-league record.