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Fred Clarke
Nickname(s): Cap
1872-1960

  • Brother of Josh Clarke
    [Courtesy Arnie Braunstein]
  • OF 1894-1911, 13-15 Colonels, Pirates
    Manager in 1897-1915 Pirates
    • Hall Of Fame in 1945

    GamesAverageHRRBI
    Career 2242.312671015
    World Series 15.24529

    Wins-LossesWinning %
    Manager 1602-1181.576
    World Series 7-8.467

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    One of baseball's toughest competitors, a top hitter and daring baserunner, Clarke was the first successful boy manager. Discovered by Louisville owner Barney Dreyfuss in the minors, the lefthanded batter quickly dominated NL pitching to become one of the game's early stars. Clarke went 5-for-5 in his first game (June 30, 1894), still a ML record. The leftfielder's playing style was compared to Ty Cobb's. Fearless and dynamic, he considered each season a war and each game a battle. In 1897 Clarke was made Louisville's manager. Despite the added responsibility, he batted a career-high .406.

    After the 1899 season, Clarke was one of the 14 players who went to Pittsburgh when Dreyfuss virtually merged the Pirates and Colonels. With the best players from both teams, Clarke's powerhouse won 859 games in 1901-09 (.634 winning percentage). Clarke's strong leadership, potent bat, and a star-studded lineup accounted for three straight NL pennants, culminating with the first World Series in 1903, which the Pirates lost to the Boston Pilgrims (Red Sox).

    In 1909 Clarke guided Pittsburgh to a club-record 110 wins and hit two homers against Detroit in the WS, which the Pirates won in seven games. That was Clarke's last great achievement. He had just completed four straight sub-.300 seasons as a hitter, after having hit over .300 ten times in his first 13 campaigns. Pushing sore, aging legs, Cap hit .324 in 1911, then virtually stopped playing, though he appeared in 12 games in 1913-15. After the 1915 season, he quit baseball and returned to his Kansas ranch.

    Clarke retired among the all-time leaders in batting average, runs scored, hits, triples, and stolen bases. He was Pittsburgh's most successful manager in both wins (1,422) and percentage (.595) and ranked among the all-time club leaders in games, at-bats, hits, triples, and stolen bases. In 1945 the Hall of Fame Veterans Committee enshrined him at Cooperstown. His brother Josh Clarke spent five years in the ML. (ME)


    Contribute your recollections of Fred Clarke by clicking here.
    FROM THE BASEBALL CHRONOLOGY
    » June 30, 1894: Future Hall of Famer Fred Clarke sets a record by going 5-for-5 with a double in his first ML game, but Louisville squanders his performance in a 13–6 loss to Philadelphia. Clarke will be appointed manager in just three years.

    » May 20, 1897: Fred Clarke gets five hits to help Louisville to a 13-inning 13–12 decision over Brooklyn.

    » December 8, 1899: Louisville president Barney Dreyfuss is transferring to the Pittsburgh club (of which he is part owner) most of his top stars, including player-manager Fred Clarke, Hans Wagner, Claude Ritchey, Tommy Leach, Rube Waddell, and Deacon Phillippe. Louisville is a likely candidate in the reduction of NL franchises from 12 to 8.

    » June 1, 1901: In the Reds 4-3 win at Pittsburgh, umpire Bert Cunningham calls out Kitty Bransfield at 1B on disputed call in the 9th that would've tied the game. 2,000 fans then chase the ump who is shielded and escorted to safety by manager Fred Clarke and Hans Wagner.

    » July 23, 1901: Jack Chesbro stops the visiting Reds, 9-2, and Fred Clarke backs him up by hitting for the cycle.

    » May 7, 1903: For the 2nd time in his career, Fred Clarke hits for the cycle and adds a walk, sacrifice and stolen base, but the effort comes up short as the Reds beat the Pirates, 10-8. The Pirates also lose Honus Wagner after a play at 2B with Reds infielder Jack Morrissey. When Wagner threatens to punch Morrissey, umpire Bug Holliday restrains him and the two clinch. Wagner is suspended for three games.

    » June 2, 1903: With Honus Wagner filling in for ailing manager Fred Clarke, reportedly recuperating from a nervous breakdown, the Pirates beat the Giants, 7-0. Deacon Phillippe goes all the way, striking out eight batters, including the side in the 5th. Wagner is 3-for-5 for the Buccaneers. Frank Bowerman is tossed out for protesting calls.

    » June 4, 1903: Against Boston, Pittsburgh's Kaiser Wilhelm throws a 5-0 shut out, allowing five hits and walking none. Manager Fred Clarke goes 2-for-4 in his return to the lineup and Wagner scores a run after going from 1B to 3B on a sacrifice bunt.

    » June 25, 1903: Boston Beaneater Wiley Piatt becomes the only 20th-century pitcher to lose two complete games in one day, falling to Pittsburgh 1-0 and 5-3. Piatt allows 14 hits in the two games while striking out 12. Pirate player-manager Fred Clarke takes a pitch in the stomach, and will take a couple more hits tomorrow. Pittsburgh now leads the NL by two 1/2 games.

    » June 26, 1903: Before the start of the Giants-Pirates showdown Giants catcher Frank Bowerman starts a fight with Pirates player-manager Fred Clarke in the Giants office. While the cause of the brawl is unclear, Pirates owner Barney Dreyfuss reports it to the NL offices and Bowerman is fined $100. Clarke gets no fine, but does take home a black eye. Christy Mathewson then pitches his 5th victory over Pittsburgh, defeating them 8-2, and beating Sam Leever. Sam Mertes, who will lead the NL in doubles and RBIs, doubles home three runs in the 5th.

    » May 19, 1905: Banished yesterday for brawling with Pittsburgh manager Fred Clarke, John McGraw roams the Polo Grounds before today's game with the Pirates, shouting insults at Pirates owner Barney Dreyfuss. McGraw accuses him of controlling the NL umpires through league president Harry Pulliam and welching on gambling debts. McGraw is again ejected during the game. Dreyfuss will files a formal protest with the league about McGraw's behavior, his swearing, and his shouting "Hey, Barney" at Dreyfuss from the field. He also contends that the Giants manager offered to wager $10,000 that the Giants would win the game. McGraw responds to Dreyfuss' complaint by stating that NL President Pulliam could not "forget his former role as the secretary to Dreyfuss." A meeting of the Leagues directors results in a $150 fine and 15-day suspension for McGraw, but John Brush immediately gets a Superior Court injunction blocking the suspension and further hearings exonerate McGraw.

    » July 16, 1905: The Pirates edge the Giants, 2-1, overcoming the pitching of Christy Mathewson, who is knocked over by Fred Clarke in a play at 1B. Six Giants are tossed out of the coaching box during the game. Pittsburgh now trails New York by six games.

    » April 28, 1906: It's the only time two managers steal home on the same day. Cubs pilot Frank Chance steals in the 9th to give Chicago a 1-0 win over the Reds, and Fred Clarke matches it in the Pirates' 10-1 win over the St. Louis Cardinals.

    » May 19, 1906: After managing the first three games from the bench, Fred Clarke leaves town to attend to his injured right shoulder, Honus Wagner skippers the Pirates to a 5-1 to over the Giants. The Bucs are now five 1/2 games in back of Chicago.

    » May 21, 1907: NL president Pulliam dismisses the Opening Day protests of Pittsburgh manager Fred Clarke over Roger Bresnahan's shin guards. As yet, Bresnahan is the only catcher using them.

    » September 20, 1907: Every player but one is hitless in the Pittsburgh-Brooklyn game, won by the Pirates, 2-1. Twenty-year-old rookie Nick Maddox, making his 3rd appearance, allows no Superbas hits for the first Pittsburgh 9-inning no-hitter. Pirate manager Fred Clarke gets the only two hits given up by Elmer Stricklett, but neither safety figures in the scoring: all three runs in the game are unearned. Earlier in the year, Maddox hurled two no-hitters while at Wheeling (Central League).

    » September 25, 1907: Pittsburgh's Honus Wagner steals four bases, including 2B, 3B, and home in the 2nd inning against the Giants. Not to be outdone, his teammate Fred Clarke also swipes four bases for the only time in his career.

    » May 11, 1908: In Pittsburgh, Honus Wagner leads the Pirates to a 5-2 win over the Giants with a triple, two walks, two runs and two RBI. His delayed break to 2nd allows Fred Clarke to score the 5th run on the front end of a double steal.

    » July 15, 1908: The Pirates tie the Braves in the 9th and win in the 10th, 3–2, when Fred Clarke is hit by a pitch with the bases loaded. The Bucs take the National League lead by a half-game.

    » September 4, 1908: In a game, the significance of which will not be recognized for another three weeks, the Pirates and Cubs are tied 0-0 in the last of the 10th at Pittsburgh. With two outs and the bases loaded, Pittsburgh's Owen Wilson singles to CF, scoring Fred Clarke with the winning run. Warren Gill, on 1B, does not get to 2B but stops short, turns, and heads for the dugout, a common practice. The Cubs' Johnny Evers calls for the ball from Jimmy Slagle, touches 2B, and claims the run does not count as Gill has been forced. The lone umpire, Hank O'Day, has left the field. When queried, he rules that Clarke had already scored, so the run counts. The Cubs protest to league president Harry Pulliam, but are denied. This is the first time the Cubs try this tactic, but not the last.

    » September 28, 1909: Before the start of the game in Pittsburgh, Fred Clarke is feted by the fans. He is awarded more than $600 in gold and receives a watch from Pittsburgh mayor William Magee. Against the Giants, Clarke walks twice before removing himself, and Honus Wagner collects two doubles and a single. But the Giants outslug the Pirates to win, 13-9.

    » October 8, 1909: The Pirates, winners of 110 games, face Detroit in the World Series, which pits the two leagues' top offensive stars, Honus Wagner and Ty Cobb. It is the first of three times that batting champs will face each other in the World Series (Al Simmons and Chick Hafey in 1931: Bobby Avila and Willie Mays in 1954 are the others) Pittsburgh manager Fred Clarke starts 27-year-old rookie righthander Babe Adams against Tigers P George Mullin. There are only 11 hits in the game, but one is a home run by Clarke, and the Pirates win 4-1 before a crowd of 29,264.

    » October 13, 1909: Babe Adams hurls his 2nd complete-game victory 8-4, despite a double and home run by Sam Crawford. Fred Clarke's 3-run home run breaks a tie and gives the Pirates a 3-2 Series lead.

    » August 15, 1910: In the battle for 2nd place in the NL, the Pirates and Giants split two, each by 2–1 scores. In the opener, Lefty Leifield and Christy Mathewson match goose eggs for 10 innings, before the Pirates push across two runs on a 2-run double by Fred Clarke. The Giants score in the bottom of the 11th but come up short.

    » August 23, 1910: Left fielder Fred Clarke makes a record-tying four OF assists for Pittsburgh against the Phils, as the Bucs win 6–2. The Pirates get one more for a NL record five outfield assists.

    » April 25, 1911: In his last full season as a player, 38-year-old Pirate player-manager Fred Clarke is kept busy with 10 putouts in LF.

    » June 10, 1911: At Pittsburgh, the Bucs Bobby Byrne steals 2B, 3B, and home in the same inning against Brooklyn. His swipe of 2B is on the back end of a double steal with Fred Clarke scoring on a contested play. When Brooklyn C Bill Bergen argues the call with Bill Klem, Byrne sneaks to 3B. After Dots Miller walks, the two pull of a double steal. Up 8–0 in the 8th, Pittsburgh tries a triple steal, and scores a run on a throwing error. But (as noted by Retrosheet) no steals are handed out on the play.

    » October 2, 1912: In the fight for 2nd place, Chicago tops the Pirates, 6–5, despite Cubs C Dick Cotter batting out of turn. Pirates manager Fred Clarke doesn't realize it until the game is over, but then protests. His protest is later upheld by NL President Lynch.

    » May 30, 1913: As New York beats the Phils, John McGraw joins Fred Clarke, Cap Anson, Frank Selee, and Connie Mack as managers who have won 1,000 games.

    » September 8, 1915: Fred Clarke resigns as Pirates manager having won four pennants in 19 years.

    » September 23, 1915: Before the game at Pittsburgh, manager Fred Clarke is presented with a grandfathers clock and a red leather binder signed by thousands of well-wishers. Clarke plays four innings in left field and goes 1-for-2. After reaching first, Clarke is replaced by Max Carey, and the out-going manager exits to thunderous applause. Pittsburgh wins, 8–4, over the Braves.

    » October 3, 1915: The Pirates end their season with a 5–3 win over the Reds, Retiring manager Fred Clarke host a dinner for the players after the game, and also celebrates his 43rd birthday.

    » June 6, 1925: Fred Clarke and Honus Wagner are in the lineup of a 1901 Pirates team that plays a brief game as part of Golden Jubilee Day in Pittsburgh. A week later Clarke joins the Pirates as assistant to the president, a move that will lead to a player revolt in which heads roll and pennants are lost.

    » August 13, 1926: Pittsburgh players ask that Fred Clarke, assistant to owner Barney Dreyfuss, not be permitted to sit on the bench. Dreyfuss squelches the revolt by releasing Carson Bigbee and Babe Adams, and suspending Max Carey, who has slumped to .222. Carey is waived to the Dodgers.

    » April 25, 1945: Baseball writers cannot seem to get any Hall of Fame candidates past the 75 percent requirement, but a committee selected to bring in some old-timers succeeds with a group of turn-of-the-century names: Jimmy Collins, Roger Bresnahan, Fred Clarke, Dan Brouthers, Ed Delahanty, Hugh Jennings, Mike "King" Kelly, Jim O'Rourke, Wilbert Robinson, and Hugh Duffy. Collins, overlooked in six HOF elections, was on the all-time teams of Connie Mack and John McGraw.