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BaseballLibrary.com
Copyright © 2002
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Happy Chandler
Given Name: Albert B. Chandler
1898-1991

Commissioner

  • Hall of Fame in 1982

Books and articles about Happy Chandler

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Photos
» Photo: Happy Chandler from Black Baseball in Detroit

Book Excerpts
» "Durocher's cheating ways finally caught up to him and led to him getting suspended by baseball's commissioner, Happy Chandler": Elden Auker

Corrections
» June 18, 2003 (#216)

Chandler was the second Commissioner, succeeding the legendary Judge Landis. He was elected in 1945, after having served as Governor of Kentucky for four years and U.S. Senator for six. He was perceived as a players' Commissioner, and he cautioned owners to be less stubborn to avoid later confrontations. His advice was ignored.

Despite the negative feelings of most club owners, he supported the entry of Jackie Robinson into the major leagues. When some players jumped to the Mexican League in 1946, he suspended them for five years (but gave them blanket amnesty in 1949). He suspended Dodgers manager Leo Durocher for one year for a series of actions detrimental to baseball's image, including consorting with gamblers. He was the first to put six umpires on the field for the World Series.

Having made some decisions that riled several owners, he was fired after one term, receiving only nine of the twelve votes necessary to continue. When he left, his reputation for being good-humored, iron-willed, and honest remained intact. He had put the players' pension fund on a sound footing, averted threats to the reserve clause, and helped open the ML door for black players. In 1982 he was named to the Hall of Fame. (NLM)


Contribute your recollections of Happy Chandler by clicking here.
FROM THE BASEBALL CHRONOLOGY
» April 24, 1945: At a meeting of owners in Cleveland a list of possible successors to Judge Landis is cut to 6: Ford Frick, president of the National League, and five politicians, Jim Farley, Carl Vinson, Robert Patterson, Bob Hannegan, and Frank Lausche. Larry MacPhail suggests adding the name of Albert "Happy" Chandler, a Kentucky senator. The list then narrows to Chandler and Hannegan. On the first ballot Chandler leads 11-5, short of the required three-fourths. One vote switches over, and the owners unanimously approve the selection. Also approved is the Malaney Plan for interleague play, first brought up at the February meeting. Besides the same-city games, Cincinnati will play at Cleveland, Brooklyn at Washington, and Detroit at Pittsburgh. The latter contest will later be scrapped when the ODT refused to grant the Tigers permission to detour 62 miles to get to Pittsburgh. The seven benefit games will held on July nine and 10.

» April 27, 1945: New Commissioner Happy Chandler says that Cincinnati is under "strong consideration" as the new location for headquarters for organized ball. The current headquarters is in Chicago.

» August 15, 1945: Commissioner Happy Chandler sells World Series radio rights for $150,000 to Gillette. Ford had been the World Series sponsor since 1934, paying $100,000 annually.

» October 29, 1945: Happy Chandler, who had continued to serve in the U.S. Senate after becoming commissioner, resigns his political office. He will presently move the commissioner's quarters to Cincinnati.

» June 15, 1946: Commissioner Happy Chandler bans Mexican jumpers Max Lanier, Fred Martin, and Lou Klein. Chandler mentions a lifetime suspension for the players, but his penalty is later reduced to five years.

» February 1, 1947: After a meeting in New York's Waldorf Astoria, Commissioner Happy Chandler announces the creation of a pension plan for major leaguers. Player with five years experience will receive $50 a month at age 50, and $10 a month for each o the next five years. The plan extends to coaches, players, and trainers active on Opening Day. The plan will be funded by $650,000, with the teams providing 80% and the players the remaining 20%.

» March 24, 1947: In a meeting at the Sarasota Terrace Hotel, Leo Durocher admits to Commissioner Happy Chandler that he sometimes bets on card games with Kirby Higbe.

» April 9, 1947: Commissioner Happy Chandler suspends manager Leo Durocher of the Brooklyn Dodgers for the entire season for incidents detrimental to baseball. Larry MacPhail and the Dodger organization are fined $2,000 each, and Yankee coach Charley Dressen is set down for 30 days. A feud involving Durocher, MacPhail, and Dodger officials rocked the training season. The Yankees' signing of Dressen and Red Corriden, longtime Brooklyn coaches, charges of consorting with Cuban gamblers against MacPhail, and charges and counter charges that Durocher had sought—or been offered—the Yankee managerial post were included in the hearing before Chandler.

» January 29, 1948: Commissioner Happy Chandler fines the Yankees, Cubs, and Phillies $500 each for signing high school players.

» September 2, 1948: Commissioner Happy Chandler fines the Pirates $2,000 for violating the NL bonus rule. Pittsburgh signed M. L. Lynch as a scout while offering his son Danny a $6,000-a-year contract. Chandler interprets this as an attempt to influence the young second baseman's decision. Danny Lynch is declared a free agent and signs with the Cubs.

» October 27, 1948: Commissioner Chandler orders free agency for 10 Detroit-owned minor leaguers for the club's coverup of their contracts. One of the players who will make the ML is Bill Serena, with a 6-year career.

» June 5, 1949: Commissioner Happy Chandler lifts the ban on all players who jumped to Mexico, starting in 1946. Only Sal Maglie will make a significant mark after the exile. Lou Klein will be the first jumper to make a major-league box score, successfully pinch-hitting on June 16.

» August 15, 1949: Reports of clubhouse troubles trail the Braves all season. Owner Lou Perini prevails on manager Billy Southworth to take a leave of absence. The team spurts briefly under Johnny Cooney but finishes under .500 in fourth place. Braves players vote Southworth only a half-share of last year's Series earnings but Happy Chandler restores the full share.

» April 18, 1950: At Fenway, Happy Chandler gives Ted Williams his MVP Award, and then Governor Paul Dever tosses out the first ball. To the delight of 31,822 fans, Boston rips starter Allie Reynolds with a five-run 4th inning to drive the Chief from the game and take a 9–0 over the Yankees. But the Yanks score four in the 6th off Mel Parnell and then, down 10–4, New York unloads for nine runs in the 8th. 2B Billy Martin (2-for-2) becomes the first player in history to get two base hits in one inning in his first ML game. He doubles against Mel Parnell on his first at bat in the 8th inning, and singles off Al Papai. Walt Masterson gives up Tommy Henrich's 2nd triple of the game before giving way to four more Sox hurlers. Boo Ferriss, pitching in his last game, allows the last two runs in the 9th inning as the Yanks chalk up a 15–10 win, the biggest blown lead the Sox have ever had at Fenway (June 4, 1989, they'll blow a 10-run lad at home). DiMaggio, Berra, Vern Stephens, and Doerr each have three hits. Don Johnson is the winner, his last one for New York, with Joe Page pitching a perfect 8th and 9th in relief.

» April 28, 1950: The Yankees sell OF Dick Wakefield to the White Sox for OF John Ostrowski and cash. Wakefield, a hot hitter in 1943 who has since lost his sparkle, refuses to report unless the Sox restore a $5,500 salary cut inflicted by the Yankees. Wakefield says the Yankees talked him into signing for $17,500 with the "guarantee" that he'd earn $5,000 as a World Series share. New York refuses to return Ostrowski and the Sox refuse Wakefield's request. Happy Chandler rules in favor of the Sox and Ostrowski and Wakefield return to their teams.

» May 11, 1950: Commissioner Happy Chandler voids the Dick Wakefield deal between the Yankees and the White Sox. The Yanks immediately suspend the outfielder.

» June 9, 1950: Commissioner Happy Chandler orders the Cardinals to cancel their Sunday night game with the Dodgers. On the advice of NL President Ford Frick, the Cards comply and reschedule it as a July 17th day/night doubleheader.

» November 8, 1950: Commissioner Happy Chandler and player reps agree on the split of the TV-radio rights from the World Series.

» December 11, 1950: At the winter meeting, held in St. Petersburg, FL, ML owners vote 9-7 against renewing Commissioner Happy Chandler's contract for a new term, starting in 1951. The Cardinals' Fred Saigh led the opposition to Chandler, who had jeopardized the reserve clause and ordered investigations of the alleged gambling activities of several owners.

» January 29, 1951: Baseball signs a 6-year All-Star Game pact for TV-radio rights calling for $6 million. A number of owners criticize lame duck Commissioner Happy Chandler, stating that in a couple of years the broadcast rights would be worth much more than a million per annum.

» March 12, 1951: Happy Chandler loses his fight to stay in office by a 9-7 vote.

» April 29, 1951: El Paso owner Jack Corbett seeks a writ to prevent Commissioner Happy Chandler from removing records pending outcome of his antitrust suit.

» June 15, 1951: Happy Chandler says that his resignation will become effective on July 15th.

» July 15, 1951: Happy Chandler completes his contract as baseball commissioner, but fails to win the owners' support for a contract renewal.

» August 6, 1951: Lame duck Commissioner Happy Chandler testifies in front of the Senate committee, urging that baseball expand out of its eastern area. He adds that some owners see sport only as big business.

» March 10, 1982: Travis Jackson and Happy Chandler are elected to the Hall of Fame by the Special Veterans Committee. Jackson hit .291 in 15 seasons as the New York Giants SS in the 1920s and 30s, while Chandler was baseball's 2nd commissioner and oversaw—and encouraged—the dismantling of the color barrier in 1947.

» August 1, 1982: Hank Aaron, Frank Robinson, Travis Jackson, and Happy Chandler are inducted into the baseball Hall of Fame at Cooperstown, New York.

» June 15, 1991: Former baseball commissioner Albert "Happy" Chandler dies of a stroke at age 92. As commissioner from 1945 to 1951, Chandler held office when Jackie Robinson broke baseball's color barrier in 1947.