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BaseballLibrary.com
Copyright © 2002
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Roger Bresnahan
Nickname(s): The Duke of Tralee
1879-1944

C-OF 1897, 1900-15 Senators, Cubs, Orioles, Giants, Cardinals
Manager in 1909-12, 15 Cardinals, Cubs
  • Hall Of Fame in 1945

GamesAverageHRRBI
Career 1446.27926530
World Series 5.31301

IPW-LERA
Career 50.14-13.93

Wins-LossesWinning %
Manager 348-432.432

Books and articles about Roger Bresnahan

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Book Excerpts
» "[Bresnahan's] judgment and tenacity behind the plate not only helped lead New York to the pennant, it also set the standard for future catchers": Edward Gruver

Submissions
» Pitching Catchers: A Complete Battery by Chuck Rosciam

Corrections
» September 7, 2003 (#372)

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» Roger Bresnahan from baseball-reference.com
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Bresnahan was one of several players who became a close friend of John McGraw. With Christy Mathewson, another friend, it was an attraction of opposites. Roger could have been McGraw's twin: compact, pugnacious, fiercely concentrated on the game, and skilled in all the ways it takes to play it. Temperamental like his manager, he was an unabashed Irish brawler, tough on teammates who did less than their best, tough on opponents, toughest on umpires, whom he baited and bedeviled. He was frequently ejected, fined and suspended, gave headaches to League officials, and engaged in noisy confrontations with at least three club owners. He could play any position on the field.

Washington had him first as an 18-year-old pitcher who shut out the Browns, 3-0, on six hits in his major-league debut. His repertoire was dazzling. The papers credited him with "a speedy shoot, outcurve, inshoot, drop ball." Roger won three more games that season, but the Senators let him go the next spring when he insisted on more money than they would pay. The Cubs brought him up after two years in the high minors, played him for two innings, and lost him to McGraw's Orioles in 1901. Rapped hard in two outings, he was tried at second, third, the outfield, and when Wilbert Robinson was hurt, behind the plate. He played well wherever they put him, but catching was his forte. When McGraw departed the American League for the Giants at mid-year, Bresnahan made the leap with him. The Giants had Jack Warner and Frank Bowerman as their catchers, so Roger became the centerfielder. The season was a romp. Despite his hefty build, he was fast and agile enough not only to cover the outfield expanse, but to bat leadoff. He played 116 games, got 142 hits and batted a handsome .350, his career high and a mere .005 behind Honus Wagner.

By 1905 Bresnahan was the Giants' first-string catcher. Some say Mathewson urged McGraw to make the move, although Mac had known Roger's capabilities for years and could have figured it for himself, particularly now that he had acquired Turkey Mike Donlin for the outfield. Roger had another good year, hitting .302 and catching 87 games. He caught all five Series games against the Athletics, which meant Matty's three shutouts, Joe McGinnity's one, and Joe's shutout loss to Chief Bender. He also hit a sparkling .313.

Perhaps his most notable contributions to the game were in protective equipment. In 1905, after being hospitalized for a head injury from a beaning, he experimented with a batting helmet manufactured by the A.J. Reach Company. It was like the leather football helmet of the period sliced vertically: one half for covering the left side of a righthanded batter's head, the other for the lefty hitter. Although beanballs were frequent, the idea did not find favor. Two years later he devised catcher's shin guards. The first ones, evidently modeled after a cricketer's leg pads, were large and bulky, with a knee flap that came up to the thigh. They were greeted with ridicule and protest, but soon caught on. By 1909 they had more utilitarian shape and size, and were in general use. About 1908 he improved the flimsy wire catcher's mask with leather-bound rolls of padding to absorb the shock of foul-tips.

In winter that year, McGraw traded his friend to St. Louis. Roger had caught 139 games during the season, but he was 29 and slowing down. McGraw could afford to let him go. He had the young Chief Meyers on deck and the Cardinals eager to make a deal. Long a lackluster club and a cellar-dweller for two years, its owners thought a manager like the fiery Duke of Tralee might energize the players. To get him they gave up three of their few talents: Red Murray, a first-rate outfielder, Bugs Raymond, an eccentric but effective pitcher, and an experienced backup catcher, Admiral Schlei, acquired from Cincinnati.

Manager Bresnahan acquired some good players and got them above .500 and in fifth place by 1911. The Cardinals' owner, Mrs. Schuyler Britton, who had recently inherited the club on the death of her uncle, Stanley Robison, was pleased with the improvement and rewarded Roger with a five-year contract at $10,000 per year, plus a percentage of the profits, if any. During the disappointing sixth-place season of 1912, however, Mrs. Britton, like owners before and since, second-guessed her manager publicly. Roger blistered her ears with some choice dugout repartee and was fired forthwith. Roger demanded to be paid as manager and player for the remaining four years of his contract. The Cardinals, unable to clear waivers for a trade, finally sold him to the Cubs. He backstopped Jimmy Archer in 1913, managed Chicago to a fourth-place finish in 1915, all the while continuing his contract fight with the Cardinals. He finally won a $20,000 settlement. His playing career ended in 1916. He was owner-manager of his hometown Toledo Mud Hens through 1923, then coached the Giants (1925-28) and Tigers (1930- 31). (ADS)


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FROM THE BASEBALL CHRONOLOGY
» January 24, 1900: The A.J. Reach company is granted a patent for protective headgear known as the "Reach Pneumatic Head Protector." It won't gain acceptance, though a few players, notably Roger Bresnahan, will occasionally wear it.

» May 30, 1902: Baltimore's Roger Bresnahan connects for two inside-the-park homers. He'll repeat the performance with the Giants in 1904.

» July 8, 1902: John McGraw, accused by Ban Johnson of trying to wreck the Baltimore and Washington clubs, negotiates his release from the Orioles and officially signs to manage the Giants at $11,000 a year, although he'd already secretly signed a contract several days earlier brought to Baltimore by Giants secretary Fred M. Knowles. McGraw says, "I wish to state that I shall not tamper with any of the Baltimore club's players." But conspiring with National League owners Brush and Andrew Freedman, McGraw swings the sale of the Orioles their way, enabling them to release Orioles Dan McGann, Roger Bresnahan, Joe McGinnity, and Jack Cronin for signing by the Giants. Joe Kelley and Cy Seymour go to Brush's Cincinnati Reds.

» July 16, 1902: Giants owner Andrew Freedman announces he has purchased controlling interest in the Baltimore club and releases Dan McGann, Roger Bresnahan, Joe McGinnity, and Jack Cronin to sign with New York. Mike Donlin, Joe Kelley and Cy Seymour go to the Reds, where Kelley will take over as manager.

» October 2, 1902: In the Giants game at Boston, there is one stolen base but eight runners are caught trying to steal (as noted by Cliff Blau). In addition, three runners are picked off base (although one manages to advance thanks to an error) and two more are thrown out at the plate. Ed Gremminger scores the winning run in the 14th inning, beating the throw from the Giants' third baseman, Billy Lauder, who had fielded Pat Moran's grounder. Roger Bresnahan is ejected from the game for arguing after he was caught trying to steal third with two outs. With all these lost runners, and with the help of three double plays, Luther Taylor nearly gets away with yielding nine walks.

» July 16, 1903: Roger Bresnahan, playing center field for the Giants, starts a triple play against the Pirates with the bases loaded. The future Hall of Fame catcher snags a line drive and his throw to home holds the runner at 3B. Catcher John Warner throws to 2B to get the runner advancing and the return home nabs the runner from 3rd. Pittsburgh gets two inside-the park-homers from Ginger Beaumont but New York wins.

» August 26, 1903: The Boston Beaneaters drive Christy Mathewson from the mound with five runs in the 6th to take a 6-5 lead over the Giants and hold on to win by that score. When Roger Bresnahan is called out at home in the 9th New York and John McGraw and Gilbert lead the argument against August Moran. Moran tosses them for their troubles. New York wins the nitecap, 3-2, in 10 innings.

» September 12, 1903: In St. Louis, Roger Bresnahan's 10th inning sacrifice fly scores Jack Warner with the game winner, as New York wins 4-3. Despite giving up 12 hits, Christy Mathewson is the winner over Jim Hackett.

» May 7, 1904: In St, Louis, the first-place Giants provoke a protest in winning 2-1, with a pair in the 9th off starter Jack Taylor. John McGraw, pinch running after a single by Jack Warner, scores on a single by Roger Bresnahan. As McGraw rounded 3B, with 1B coach Gilbert following him, the entire Giant team collects along the 3B line yelling, St. Louis 1B Jake Beckley complains to the ump about it and, when one of the Giants dashes to home from the coach's box, Beckley fires to an uncovered home plate, thinking it is Bresnahan trying to score. Which he then does for the win. St. Louis manager Kid Nichols protests the game, claiming, correctly, that the players left the bench in violation of rule 56, section 17. The rule states: "if one or more members of the team at bat stand or collect around a base for which a base runner is trying, thereby confusing the fielding side and adding to the difficult of making such play, the base runner shall be declared out for the interference of his teammate or teammates." NL president Pulliam rejects the complaint and many fans and writers agree, saying the protest is unmanly, as noted by historian Benton Stark (The Year They Called off the World Series).

» June 6, 1904: New York scores six runs in three innings against Pirates' P Roscoe Miller and coasts to an 11-0 win. The Giants are led by Browne, with four hits, Gilbert, with a homer and three hits, and Roger Bresnahan, with two homers, both inside-the-park. With the game safely in hand, Mathewson departs after five innings. Miller will be 7-8 with the Pirates before incurring a severe injury in a carriage accident on the way to the ball park in Philadelphia. The injury ends his career.

» July 21, 1904: Christy Mathewson picks up his 1st relief win of the season, as the Giants clip the Cubs, 4–3. Matty relieves Joe McGinnity in the 6th as the Cubs score twice. In the 7th, Frank Chance belts a game-tying inside-the-park homer, but Roger Bresnahan retaliates with a 9th inning drive that gets by Jim Slagle for a homer. Jake Weimer takes the loss.

» September 10, 1904: A crowd of 15,250 cheer the first-place Giants to a pair of one-run wins over the Phillies. Roger Bresnahan's 9th inning triple scores two in the opener, as Hooks Wiltse earns his 11th straight win. Dummy Taylor wins the nitecap, 6-5, as the Giants finish four straight doubleheaders with five victories, a loss and a tie. New York leads the 2nd-place Colts by 17 games.

» May 27, 1905: At the Polo Grounds, Mathewson stops Brooklyn, 4-1, beating Oscar Jones. Except for a poor throw by Roger Bresnahan, Matty would've had his 3rd shutout.

» May 15, 1906: Hooks Wiltse of the Giants becomes the first pitcher of the modern era to fan four batters in a single inning, fanning the side after the first Cincinnati batter, Jim Delahanty, in the 5th inning reaches base on Roger Bresnahan's 3rd-strike error. Wiltse also fanned the side in the 4th inning to total seven batters punched out in just two innings, the first and only time this happens. Hooks K's 12 Reds overall enroute to a victory, 4-1. However, the Giants suffer a major loss when Turkey Mike Donlin, after getting three hits, breaks his leg sliding into 2B.

» June 17, 1906: At the Polo Grounds, Mathewson appears in old form, yielding eight hits in beating the Cardinals, 2-1. Jack Taylor takes the loss when 2B Pug Bennett bobbles Roger Bresnahan's grounder in the 8th and a run scores.

» April 11, 1907: On a cold day in New York, the Giants open against the Phillies before 16,000. A late snowstorm had to be cleared, but there are large piles of snow surrounding the field. In the 8th inning, with Frank Corridon pitching a one-hit 3-0 shutout over the Giants when fans, who have been pelting the players with snowballs, begin jumping from the stands and running around the outfield. There are no police on duty at the park, as required by the league, so umpire Bill Klem, in his ML debut, forfeits the game to the Phils. Seymour has the only hit for New York. New York C Roger Bresnahan appears wearing shin guards for the first time in a ML game, although the Phils' Red Dooin had worn papier-mâché guards under his stockings in 1906 while catching and at bat. It will be a few years before detachable guards are adopted by all catchers.

» May 21, 1907: NL president Pulliam dismisses the Opening Day protests of Pittsburgh manager Fred Clarke over Roger Bresnahan's shin guards. As yet, Bresnahan is the only catcher using them.

» May 21, 1907: Three Finger Brown and Christy Mathewson hook up in a pitching duel, with the Chicago ace emerging the winner, 3-2. Matty's batterymate Roger Bresnahan makes two errors to cause Mathewson to lose his 1st of the year. Mobbed at the Polo Grounds after the loss, umpires Hank O'Day and Bob Emslie require police protection. The crowd is egged on by John McGraw, who will be thrown out of games seven times this year. The next day AL ump Billy Evans needs a police escort after argumentative Hugh Jennings incites a riot. Jennings will be suspended.

» June 18, 1907: In a Giants win, Roger Bresnahan is hit in the head by a pitch from Andy Coakley of the Cincinnati Reds and is given the last rites while he lays on the field. Hospitalized for 10 days, he will develop a primitive headgear for batters during his convalescence. Teammate Dan McGann is also hit by a Coakley pitch in the same inning (4th), breaking his arm, and will be out of action until the 1st of August.

» July 12, 1907: After an absence of 24 days, Roger Bresnahan returns to the lineup and collects two hits in a 3-2 win for the Giants against Andy Coakley, the same hurler who hit him with a pitch on June 18th. Bresnahan does not wear the headgear he developed. When a fan keeps a foul ball during the game rather than tossing it back, Giants team secretary Frank Knowles warns that "in the future he will not be so lenient about anyone stealing a ball."

» September 22, 1907: The Reds' Bob Spade makes his pitching debut in a 1-0 shutout over the Giants. He outduels Joe McGinnity, allowing just four hits. New York's Roger Bresnahan is tossed by Bill Klem and will need the consent of the league president to next play.

» September 23, 1907: At the start of the Giants match in Pittsburgh, John McGraw hands Bill Klem the lineup card with Roger Bresnahan's name in the lineup. The two argue about whether the catcher can play after yesterday's ejection and then when Klem turns away he is hit in the face with a glass of water. No culprit comes forward but Klem gets his revenge in the 6th by ejecting McGraw and Art Devlin for arguing a call. The Pirates win, 2-1.

» August 24, 1908: The Giants gain the NL lead by winning two at Pittsburgh, after first refusing to play a doubleheader. John McGraw protests that only one game was scheduled and he was not given 24 hours notice about the 2nd match. But after polling the players, he relents. Hooks Wiltse then tops Vic Willis, 4-1 and Christy Mathewson beats Lefty Leifield, 5-1. Willis tires in the 8th, giving up a 2-run triple to Roger Bresnahan, followed by a Mike Donlin homer. In the nitecap, Donlin and Larry Doyle each drive home a pair. The doubleheader is watched in New York on electric diamonds known as "Compton's Baseball Bulletin" at Madison Square Garden and the Gotham Theatre. Bulletins will display all remaining games.

» December 12, 1908: The Cardinals are busy. First they get C Admiral Schlei from the Reds for pitchers Ed Karger and Art Fromme. Then they pack off Schlei, along with P Bugs Raymond and OF Red Murray, to the Giants for veteran catcher Roger Bresnahan. Bresnahan, a future Hall of Famer, will be the player/manager of the Cardinals for the next four years. Raymond lost 25 games in 1908, but a record 11 of them were by shutouts.

» May 9, 1909: The St. Louis Cardinals take out a $50,000 life insurance policy on manager Roger Bresnahan for reasons having to do more with publicity than concerns about his health.

» May 24, 1909: Under new manager Roger Bresnahan, the Cardinals finally beat Christy Mathewson after losing to the Giants ace 24 consecutive times. Matty allows just six hits to his former battery mate's squad, but the Giants score once off John Lush to lose, 3-1.

» June 5, 1909: St. Louis admirers give Roger Bresnahan a diamond ring and the rest of the team silk umbrellas, then Cardinal errors give the Giants six runs and the game, 8-7. John McGraw and Larry Doyle are tossed by umpire Charlie Criger.

» August 3, 1910: St. Louis manager-catcher Roger Bresnahan pitches three 1/3 innings, giving up six hits and no runs against Brooklyn. He last pitched in 1901, and will end his career with a mark of 4–1 as a hurler.

» April 24, 1911: NL President Lynch orders his umpires to stop catchers, especially Roger Bresnahan, from verbally attacking batters.

» June 24, 1911: In a Reds win in Cincinnati, Cards player-manager Roger Bresnahan is called out on strikes by Bill Klem to end the game. When Roger argues too long over the call, Klem belts him. An embarrassed NL president Lynch will fine the arbiter $50 for the punch.

» October 17, 1912: Phils owner Horace Fogel will be tried by the NL directors for his charges against Cardinals manager Roger Bresnahan and the NL umps. In November he is found guilty on five counts and barred from the NL forever. Bresnahan will be released by St. Louis next week with four years remaining on his contract.

» November 18, 1914: Roger Bresnahan signs to manage the Cubs.

» January 5, 1916: The National League, happy to be rid of fractious Cubs owner Charles W. Murphy, allows Charles H. Weeghman, owner of a restaurant chain and president of the Federal League Chicago Whales, to buy the Cubs for $500,000. By putting up $50,000, William Wrigley, Jr. becomes a minority stock holder. Whales manager Joe Tinker succeeds Roger Bresnahan, and the Cubs will play in the FL's newly built park on the North Side, soon to become Wrigley Field.

» September 30, 1921: Prior to the Braves-Giants game, the Giants Old Timers take on the Giants regulars in a 5-inning contest. Twenty thousand fans cheer as former stars, Christy Mathewson, Roger Bresnahan, George Wiltse, Art Devlin, Larry Doyle and Fred Tenney whip the current Giants, 2–0. The regular game is called because of rain after one inning, but only 4,000 fans ask for a refund.

» April 2, 1926: Hugh Jennings, slated to be the Giants assistant manager, is unable to join the team due to illness. Roger Bresnahan replaces him.

» May 14, 1928: In Chicago, Charlie Root beats the Giants, 8–2. Fred Fitzsimmons takes the loss. Outside the park after the game, John McGraw is knocked down by a taxicab and suffers a broken leg that will keep him out of the dugout six weeks. Roger Bresnahan takes over.

» April 25, 1945: Baseball writers cannot seem to get any Hall of Fame candidates past the 75 percent requirement, but a committee selected to bring in some old-timers succeeds with a group of turn-of-the-century names: Jimmy Collins, Roger Bresnahan, Fred Clarke, Dan Brouthers, Ed Delahanty, Hugh Jennings, Mike "King" Kelly, Jim O'Rourke, Wilbert Robinson, and Hugh Duffy. Collins, overlooked in six HOF elections, was on the all-time teams of Connie Mack and John McGraw.