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Cap Anson
Given Name: Adrian Constantine
Nickname(s): Pop
1852-1922

1B 1871-1897 Cubs
Manager in 1879-98 Cubs, Giants
  • Led League in ba 79, 81, 88
  • Led League in rbi 81, 86, 88, 91
  • Hall Of Fame in 1939

GamesAverageHRRBI
Career 2523.333972076

IPW-LERA
Career 40-14.50

Wins-LossesWinning %
Manager 1297-957.575

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A premier batsman and leader, Anson is widely regarded as the foremost on-field baseball figure of the 19th century. He led the NL in hitting three times and was the first man to get 3,000 hits. As a manager, he took his Chicago team to five pennants. Counting five years in the National Association, he played 27 seasons at the highest level of baseball competition and was a regular each year. He was stern, iron-willed, and incorruptible, and his influence went far beyond the field as baseball became the national game.

After a year at Notre Dame, the 19-year-old Iowan turned pro in 1871 with the Rockford Forest Citys of the National Association, the forerunner of the NL. The following season, he joined the Philadelphia Athletics as a third baseman and first baseman. In five NA seasons, he hit over .350 four times. One of the first players signed by William Hulbert when he launched the NL in 1876, Anson helped the Chicago team (then called White Stockings) to the first NL pennant, hitting .356.

Although he'd played mostly as a third baseman and catcher in his early years, when he became playing manager in 1879, he put himself permanently at first base. The stocky six-footer was no artist in the field. He holds the all-time record for most errors committed by a first baseman, but he played at a time when gloves were not used and errors were common. Longevity also helped account for his error record.

He made up for his fielding shortcomings with his bat. In all but two of his 22 NL seasons, he topped .300. He led the league in 1879, 1881, and 1888, with his .399 in '81 his personal high. He led the league in RBI four times and five times drove in more than 100 even though teams played fewer than 100 games each season until 1884. Line-drive singles were his hallmark, although he twice led in doubles and totaled 532 two-base hits over his long career. He hit 96 home runs, but 21 came in 1884, when the White Stockings played at Lake Front Park, with a 180-foot left-field foul line. He had five homerless seasons.

Anson managed the White Stockings to three straight pennants from 1880 to 1882 and two more flags in 1885 and 1886. An innovator, he encouraged basestealing, devised hit-and-run plays, and was one of the first to rotate pitchers. The first manager to institutionalize preseason training, he laid down strict training rules for his players and sometimes enforced them with his fists. He had an explosive temper and could be a cruel bench jockey and umpire baiter. Many of the greatest stars of the 19th century played for him, but none outshone him.

Anson participated in baseball tours of England in 1874 and of the world in 1888-89. He improved the quality of play in his time and spread the game's popularity. He raised the caliber of players with his own integrity and principles. Yet, at the same time, he was a bigot who once pulled his team off the field rather than play against a team with a black player. He is often cited as a force in the banning of black players from ML baseball, an unwritten rule that persisted until 1947. That Anson was a racist is beyond question. The extent of his influence in keeping blacks out of the majors in the 19th century is debatable.

Anson became part-owner of the White Stockings in 1888, but he won no more pennants in the 1890s. The team was so linked with his image that when he finally left after the 1897 season, they were known for a while as the "Orphans." He managed the Giants for 22 games in 1898, then left baseball. When he later had financial problems, the NL attempted to establish a pension for him, but he rejected it. In 1939, he was named to baseball's Hall of Fame. (AJA)


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FROM THE BASEBALL CHRONOLOGY
» May 20, 1880: Chicago captain Cap Anson begins using hurlers Larry Corcoran and Fred Goldsmith in alternating games, thereby establishing the first "pitching rotation" ever.

» November 6, 1886: The Sporting News publishes the official National League averages, which show King Kelly as the batting champ with a .388 average, 17 points ahead of Cap Anson. The paper previously had printed its own stats showing Anson ahead, .374 to .366.

» February 9, 1889: All-America beats Chicago 10–6 in the shadow of the Pyramids outside Cairo, and Cap Anson feels compelled to apologize to the Sphinx for his team's poor play.

» January 9, 1892: Cap Anson is quoted in the New York Clipper as saying that "I don't care if they can't field a little bit. In my experience I have found that a man can be taught to almost stop cannon balls, but it is a very difficult task to teach them to line 'em out."

» January 25, 1895: Cap Anson notes that "nobody likes to see a play made with the aid of gloves." He is of the opinion that only catchers should be permitted the luxury of wearing gloves.

» February 27, 1895: Responding to the complaints of senior citizens like Cap Anson, the National League restricts the size of gloves for all fielders, save catchers and 1B, to 10 ounces, with a maximum circumference of 14 inches around the palm -- in other words, less than 4 1/2 inches across. The NL also rescinds the rule forbidding "intentional discoloring" of the ball, thus allowing players to dirty the baseball to their satisfaction.

» November 15, 1895: Cap Anson makes his stage debut in A Runaway Colt. Aside from forgetting a few lines Anson does quite well.

» January 31, 1898: Cap Anson is fired after 19 years as player-manager of Chicago. Strong-minded Cap, with a record of 1,288 victories and five pennants, was enormously popular in Chicago. Former infielder Tom Burns takes over for Chicago, who are now called the Orphans.

» March 9, 1900: Bid McPhee, 2B for the Reds for 18 years, retires. ending a career equalled in the 19th century only by Buck Ewing and Cap Anson. His lifetime record of 6,545 putouts is still untopped. McPhee is the last position player to go gloveless.

» May 30, 1913: As New York beats the Phils, John McGraw joins Fred Clarke, Cap Anson, Frank Selee, and Connie Mack as managers who have won 1,000 games.

» June 9, 1914: At Baker Bowl, Honus Wagner joins Cap Anson as the only members of the 3,000 hit club when collects a 9th-inning double off the Phillies' Erskine Mayer, and scores the Bucs lone run. It comes in Wagner's 2,332nd game. Nap Lajoie will join the club in September. (Later calculations put the date at June 30th or July 4th). Wagner also shows his skills by tricking Hans Lobert to try and take 3B and then tagging him out at 2B; With the Phils up 3–0, in the 8th he nabs Beals Becker at 2B with a hidden ball trick.

» September 15, 1914: Cleveland's Nap Lajoie strokes his 3,000th hit, a single off Detroit's Pug Cavet, joining Honus Wagner and Cap Anson as the only players to reach that mark.

» January 10, 1918: Acknowledging that Ty Cobb, Speaker, and Collins are all good ball players, Cap Anson picks his all-time team, leaving them off. In the current issue of TSN, Anson selects, C–Buck Ewing and King Kelly; P–Amos Rusie, John Clarkson, Jim McCormick; 1B-himself; 2B–Fred Pfeffer; 3B–Ed Williamson; SS–Ross Barnes; OF–Bill Lange, George Gore, Jimmy Ryan, and Hugh Duffy.

» May 6, 1925: Ty Cobb belts two more homers, off Dave Danforth and Chester Falk, giving him five round trippers in two days, tying Cap Anson's 1884 feat. His 1st inning single gives him nine straight hits, and two other drives in the game are barely caught. His six RBIs lead the Tigers to a 11–4 clawing of the Browns. Mickey Cochrane hits his 1st ML home run, off Sam Jones.

» August 31, 1930: With a chance to pick up a game and a half on the leading Cubs, the Giants edge the Braves 4–3 in the opener a doubleheader before 40,000 fans at the Polo Grounds. In the 2nd game, Mel Ott hits a double and three consecutive home runs to drive in six runs, but the Braves counter with a homer by George Sisler and two by slugging rookie Wally Berger among their 18 hits. Ott is the 4th major leaguer to hit three straight homers, joining Goose Goslin (August 19, 1930) Carl Reynolds (July 2, 1930), George Kelly (September 17, 1923), and Cap Anson (August 6, 1884). The final score is Boston 14, New York, 10.

» June 19, 1942: Paul Waner, now with the Braves, joins Cap Anson and Honus Wagner as NL players with 3,000 hits. He hits a single off Pittsburgh's Rip Sewell at Boston.

» October 3, 1991: In the 2nd game of a doubleheader against the Minnesota Twins, Chicago C Carlton Fisk smashes two home runs to lead the White Sox to a 13-12 victory. In doing so, just nine months shy of his 44th birthday, Fisk becomes the oldest 20th century player to hit a pair of 4-baggers in the same game. His 7th inning grand slam off Steve Bedrosian also makes him the oldest major leaguer ever to hit a bases loaded homer. Cap Anson, at 45, clubbed two homers on this date in 1897: he's the oldest to hit a pair.

» April 2, 2001: The Giants Livan Hernandez beats the Padres, 3–2, with relief help from Robb Nen, who K's the side in the 9th. Barry Bonds homers for the Giants. Tony Gwynn's 8th inning RBI-single is his 3,110th hit, tying him with Dave Winfield. With his start today, Gwynn becomes the 5th player in NL history to spend 20+ years while playing his entire career with one team. The others are: Cap Anson: 1871-97 Cubs (5 years in the NA); Mel Ott: 1926-47 Giants; Stan Musial: 1941-44, 1946-63 Cardinals; Willie Stargell: 1962-82 Pirates.