Player Profiles
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Association American
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American Association from the Chronology
Apr 6, 2006 - Using his newly perfected knuckleball, Texas P R.A. Dickey ties a post-1900 major league record by surrendering six HRs to the Tigers in a 10-6 Detroit victory. The only ML pitcher to give up more homers was Charlie Sweeney of the St. Louis Maroons who allowed seven to the Detroit Wolverines (AA) on June 12, 1886. Detroit clouts 7 round-trippers in the contest, and sets a major league record with 15 homers in their first three games, breaking the mark of 10, set by the 1998 Mariners. The Tigers set a team record for any 3-game span, breaking the mark of 14, set in 1997.
Jul 9, 2005 - The Rockies defeat the Padres‚ 1-0‚ behind Jason Jennings 7 innings pitched It is the first 1-0 game in the history of hitter-friendly Coors Field; there have been three 2-0 games. Coming in the 847th game at Coors‚ it breaks the previous record of 635 games held by the Philadelphia Athletics of the American Association from 1882 to 1891 at the Jefferson Street Grounds.
Aug 14, 2003 - In an 8-3 win over the Twins‚ Travis Hafner of the Cleveland Indians became the 22nd major-leaguer to hit for the cycle as a rookie. He barely legs out a triple in his final at bat becoming the first Indian to cycle since Andre Thornton in 1978. The first rookie to hit for a cycle was Bill Van Dyke in 1890 while playing for the American Association's Toledo Maumees. Brian Anderson is the winner with 8 1/3 IP. The Twins‚ who were shutout in 14 innings yesterday‚ score 3 meaningless runs in the bottom of the 9th.
Sep 10, 1997 - The American Association's plays its final game Wednesday night in Des Moines‚ Iowa with the Buffalo Bisons defeating the Iowa Cubs for the final American Association title. The Association's existing teams will merge with the International League and the perhaps "to-be-newly named" Pacific Coast League in 1998.
Aug 9, 1997 - Toledo (American Association) tops visiting Richmond‚ 11-10‚ 13 innings. Mudhen LF Bubba Trammell is 4 for 7 with 4 home runs and 5 RBIs. Trammell homers in the 9th inning to tie the game and again in the 13th inning to win it.
May 2, 1993 - The Triple-A American Association game between Iowa and Buffalo is called because of a toxic cloud in Des Moines. The area around the stadium is evacuated when several barrels of chemicals explode during a fire‚ releasing toxic fumes.
May 9, 1990 - Louisville OF Bernard Gilkey sets an American Association record by collecting 3 hits-2 singles and a HR-in the Redbird's 16-run 3rd inning against the Nashville Sounds. 21 players collect 14 hits in the frame. The Redbirds win 18-4 after losing to the Sounds yesterday‚ 17-5.
Aug 25, 1983 - The Louisville Redbirds (American Association) become the first minor league team to draw one million fans in a season‚ as 31‚258 watch them beat Evansville 7-0 to clinch the Eastern Division title. Louisville will finish the season with an attendance of 1‚052‚438.
Aug 27, 1980 - Pitcher and coach Hub Kittle becomes the oldest man to play in an organized baseball game when he starts for Springfield (American Association) against Iowa at the age of 63 years and 6 months. Kittle retires the side in the first inning‚ then tosses one pitch to retire a batter in the 2nd frame before exiting.
May 26, 1978 - Silvio Martinez‚ making his last start for Springfield (American Association) before joining the Cardinals‚ no-hits Omaha 4-0.
Oct 25, 1977 - The Cards get Frank Riccelli from the Giants. To complete the deal‚ St. Louis will sell Jim Dwyer‚ who led the American Association in hitting and runs in 1977‚ to the Giants on June 15‚ 1978.
Feb 21, 1974 - Today in Charles Schulz's syndicated cartoon strip "Peanuts" Snoopy declares‚ " I have a trivia question that will drive Woodstock up the wall." In the next frame: " Who played shortstop for St. Paul when the won the American Association pennant in 1938?" After Woodstock answers‚ Snoopy shakes his head in amazement: "How did he ever hear of Ollie Bejma?" Bejma‚ who played for Schultz' home town team‚ was the co-MVP with teammate Whitlow Wyatt in 1938 (beating out Triple Crown winner Ted Williams) before playing for the White Sox.
Sep 21, 1973 - Jim Rice's 3-run HR is the key blow as Pawtucket (International League) defeats Tulsa (American Association) 5-2 to win the Junior WS.
Sep 22, 1971 - Rochester (International League) beats Denver (American Association) 9-6 to win the Junior WS‚ 4 games to 3.
Sep 19, 1970 - Syracuse (International League) beats Omaha (American Association) 5-3 in 11 innings‚ thereby winning the Junior World Series.
Jul 20, 1969 - In an American Association game‚ Denver and Oklahoma City set a league record by leaving 40 men on base‚ 20 by each team.
Apr 18, 1969 - The American Association opens the season using the DPH rule‚ which the major leagues dropped near the end of spring training. The DPH will also be used in International League (AAA)‚ the Eastern League (AA)‚ and the Arizona Instructional League. Larry Osborne (Omaha; 0-4‚1 BB‚ 1 run) and John Brandt (0-4) are the ones in Oklahoma City. Denver's Charles Weatherspoon (1-4) and William Wolff (1-3‚ 1 BB) are the DPHers in Tulsa. Tulsa manager Warren Spahn calls the DPH rule "terrible." (as noted by John Lewis).
Nov 29, 1962 - After 61 years‚ the American Association (AAA) folds‚ with some of the franchises being absorbed by the International League and the Pacific Coast League. The PCL adds the Dallas-Fort Worth‚ TX; Denver‚ CO and Oklahoma City‚ OK Clubs and drops the Vancouver‚ BC club. The International League adds the Indianapolis‚ IN and Little Rock‚ AK clubs. As a result‚ both leagues became ten club leagues.
Nov 26, 1962 - The Reds draft 32-year-old veteran pitcher Al Worthington from Indianapolis (AA). Worthington led the AA with a 15-4 record.
Jun 23, 1961 - Louisville's (AA) Howie Bedell goes hitless against Dallas-Fort Worth‚ ending his 43-game batting streak‚ the longest in the minor leagues since Mejias‚ in 1954. Bedell goes 66-for-197 (.340) during the streak‚ and ties the American Association record set in 1935
Jan 9, 1961 - The new Minnesota Twins and the American Association finally agree on a $500‚000 indemnity payment to the minor league for the Minneapolis/St. Paul territory‚ ending 2 months of negotiation.
Dec 4, 1958 - The American Association expands to 10 teams by admitting Houston‚ Dallas‚ and Fort Worth from the Texas League. This effectively denudes the Texas League‚ leaving it with 5 teams and a vacancy.
Sep 29, 1958 - Minneapolis (American Association) wins the Little WS‚ defeating the IL champs‚ the Montreal Royals‚ in 4 straight games. This is the 4th time in a row the AA has won the title.
Aug 5, 1957 - Denver Bear (American Association) Rance Pless slugs his 4th grand slam in a little over a month. In his debut with Denver on July 3rd‚ he connected for a slam‚ then repeated the feat on July 6th and July 30th.
Sep 28, 1955 - In the last game at Minneapolis' Nicollet Park‚ the Millers (American Association) clip the Rochester Red Wings (International League) 9-4 in the 7th game of the Junior World Series. The win gives the Millers their first-ever Jr. WS Championship.
Dec 16, 1953 - In a ten-player trade‚ the Yankees send 1B Vic Power‚ infielders Jim Finigan and Don Bollweg‚ OF Bill Renna‚ C Jim Robertson‚ and P John Gray to the A's. Philadelphia packs veteran 1B Eddie Robinson‚ Loren Babe‚ P Harry Byrd‚ and outfielders Tom Hamilton and Carmen Mauro to New York. Byrd‚ who won 26 games in 2 years for the A's‚ will never match his wins in New York. The stylish Power‚ the American Association batting leader in 1953‚ will win 7 Gold Gloves and make the All-Star team 4 times.
Nov 28, 1952 - International League President Frank Shaughnessy reveals plans to form 2 new major leagues by merging the top teams in the American Association and the top teams from the International League. He thinks that in 5 to 6 years‚ ML baseball will elevate these two leagues‚ along with the Pacific Coast League‚ which nearly has ML status now.
Jun 29, 1952 - The Kansas City Blues slam 10 homers against St. Paul to set an American Association record for most HRs by one team and tie the record for most by 2 teams. The Blues total 53 bases, and hit 6 home runs in the third inning, both AA marks, enroute to a 17-4 win. Roy Partee has 3 homers, including two in the big inning. Vic Power, Kal Segrist, and Bill Renna have two apiece, and Andy Carey hits one. St. Paul hits none.
Jul 27, 1950 - Former Dodger great Kirby "Koiby" Higbe hurls a no-hitter for the Minneapolis Millers American Association against the Columbus Clippers.
Jun 27, 1950 - At Toledo (American Association)‚ Marlin Stuart of Toledo pitches a 1-0 perfect game against Indianapolis. It is the 2nd perfect game in league history. The Tigers will recall Stuart.
Aug 4, 1949 - At Swayne Field in Toledo‚ Mud Hen pitcher Walter Noble holds Minneapolis (AA) hitless for 8 innings‚ after teammate Hal White pitched 9 innings of no-hit ball yesterday against the Millers. He gave up a leadoff single. Noble wins 2-0 in the scheduled 7-inning game. The 17 hitless innings is a American Association record.
May 24, 1949 - Striking out the last 6 St. Paul batters‚ Maurice McDermott of Louisville (American Association) fans a total of 20 for a new league record. McDermott wins‚ 3-1‚ striking out the side in the 3rd‚ 5th‚ 6th‚ 8th‚ and 9th innings.
Sep 14, 1946 - Roy Hamey‚ president of the American Association‚ is named general manager of the Pirates by its new owners.
Jan 1, 1946 - George Trautman‚ head of the American Association‚ becomes general manager of Detroit‚ succeeding Jack Zeller‚ who retires after 25 years with the Tigers.
Dec 10, 1945 - At the annual meeting the major leagues head off the quest of the PCL for major status and more territorial protection for upper minors by a new AAA classification for the PCL‚ American Association‚ and International League. The Eastern and Texas Leagues are promoted from Class A to AA. The Southern Atlantic League moves to Class A from B.
May 23, 1944 - Milwaukee defeats Toledo 28-0 in an American Association game.
May 5, 1944 - Charlie Grimm resigns as manager of the Milwaukee Brewers in the American Association to take over the Cubs. Casey Stengel is named manager in Milwaukee.
Sep 19, 1943 - The American Association champion Milwaukee Brewers take a pair from Kansas City and set a season attendance record of 332,600.
Jul 11, 1938 - The Dodgers buy former ML hurler Whitlow Wyatt from Milwaukee (American Association).
Oct 9, 1934 - While the Cardinals celebrate their WS victory in St. Louis‚ their top farm team‚ Columbus‚ wins the final game of a 9-game Junior WS. The American Association representatives beat Toronto of the International League in the 2nd game of a playoff doubleheader.
Nov 10, 1932 - Donie Bush‚ pennant-winning manager of Minneapolis (American Association)‚ is named manager of the Cincinnati Reds.
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Jul 17, 1932 - The fans get their money's worth as Indianapolis outscores Minneapolis‚ 22-20‚ to set an American Association record for most runs by both teams.
Jun 9, 1930 - A game at old Washington Park in Indianapolis is the first night game in the American Association. The Indians will open Perry Field next year to replace Washington Park. In 1937‚ Minneapolis will be the last AA team to light up.
Sep 15, 1929 - In a field day trial‚ former college track star Reds LF Evar Swanson circles the bases in 13.3 seconds. Two years from now‚ with more sophisticated equipment timing him‚ he will do it in 13.2 while with Columbus (American Association).
Dec 5, 1927 - In an attempt to combat "chain store" baseball‚ the American Association votes to bar further ownership of its clubs by the ML clubs.
Oct 12, 1925 - Louisville manager Joe McCarthy (American Association) is named to manage the Chicago Cubs.
Jun 18, 1925 - In a first‚ President Hickey of the American Association trades umpire Gerald Hayes to President Tools and the American Association for umpire Doll Dorr. Hickey has coveted Dorr for years.
Mar 8, 1923 - Judge Landis allows former Giants lefthanded P Rube Benton to return to the NL. Benton had admitted prior knowledge of the 1919 WS fix‚ but he remained in baseball‚ winning 22 for St. Paul (American Association). NL President Heydler disagrees with Landis‚ calling Benton "undesirable‚" but does not stop the Reds from signing him. Benton‚ 35‚ will be 14-10 for the 2nd-place Reds.
Sep 16, 1919 - Dutch Ruether beats the Giants 4-3 to clinch the Reds' first pennant since its American Association days.
Sep 8, 1919 - Babe Ruth hits HR No. 26‚ off Hank Thormahlen in New York‚ breaking Buck Freeman's 1899 HR mark of 25. The Red Sox win 3-1 in the opener‚ then win 2-0 in the nitecap behind Waite Hoyt's 3-hitter. Ruth scores both runs for Boston. Buck Freeman‚ now an umpire in the American Association‚ congratulates the Babe on his feat. New York's SS Roger Peckinpaugh ties an AL mark with 15 chances accepted in the first game‚ and 24 in the twinbill. The Tigers object to the 2nd game‚ on the technicality that it was originally scheduled for Boston and had been postponed there.
Feb 11, 1916 - After playing two seasons in Cleveland‚ the American Association Toledo Mud Hens transfer back to Toledo. The franchise spent two seasons in Cleveland to block a Federal League team from moving in there.
Jul 22, 1911 - The Pirates pay St. Paul of the American Association $22‚500 for righthander Marty O'Toole‚ the highest purchase to date. Dreyfuss spends another $5‚000 for his batterymate Bill Kelly. In 1912‚ O'Toole will be 15-17 and lead the NL with 159 walks. He will last only 2 more years.
Apr 20, 1902 - In an exhibition match in Chicago‚ the Milwaukee Brewers top the White Stockings‚ 3-2. Chuck Comiskey scheduled the tune-up with the American Association squad after the Brewers took three straight from the Cincinnati Reds.
Jan 30, 1902 - Dashing Tony Mullane‚ the first player to have jumped the reserve rule by signing with the St. Louis Unions of the Union Association in 1883‚ signs a contract with Toledo‚ of the new American Association (AAA).
Nov 14, 1900 - The NL rejects the AL as an equal‚ declaring it an outlaw league outside of the National Agreement‚ thus inaugurating a state of war. This follows the AL's announcement 2 days ago that it has made arrangements to go into Washington‚ Baltimore and Philadelphia. Two weeks later the AA makes it a 3-way battle.
Nov 4, 1899 - Representatives of 7 cities meet in New York regarding the proposed new American Association. Attention focuses on what other city might become the 8th franchise.
Oct 11, 1899 - The Western League holds its annual meeting in Chicago and changes its name to the American Baseball League. The AL considers putting clubs in Cleveland and Chicago. President Ban Johnson and St. Paul owner-manager Charles Comiskey give little credibility to the proposed "on paper only" American Association.
Sep 17, 1899 - A preliminary organization meeting is held in Chicago regarding a proposed new American Association. Among the delegates are Adrian Anson of Chicago‚ Chris Von der Ahe and Al Spink of St. Louis‚ and representatives from Milwaukee‚ New York‚ Philadelphia‚ and Washington.
Oct 19, 1897 - Olver Perry Caylor‚ baseball editor of the New York Herald‚ dies of a "lingering illness" at age 47. O.P.‚ as he signed his column‚ was among the best of his time at the evolving skill of sports writing‚ and while sports editor of the Cincinnati Enquirer‚ was influential in the formation of the American Association.
Nov 16, 1894 - Managers Al Buckenberger (Pittsburgh) and Bill Barnie (Louisville) and Louisville star Fred Pfeffer are expelled from the NL for planning with officials of the proposed American Association (previously called the National Association). The 2 managers are reinstated before the end of the year‚ but Pfeffer must wait until the end of February 1895 before he is welcomed back into the fold.
May 16, 1894 - A fire at Boston South End Grounds forces the use of Congress Street Grounds by the Beaneaters. CSG was used by Boston 1890 Players Leaguers (Champs) and Boston's only American Association team (Reds‚ Champs) in 1891. It was unused in 1892-3. The cozy dimensions result in 4 homers in Boston's 10-7 win over Baltimore. Wilbert Robinson almost hits a 5th.
Dec 17, 1891 - The American Association passes out of existence after ten years as a settlement is finally reached. Four AA clubs (St. Louis‚ Louisville‚ Washington‚ and Baltimore) join with the NL 8 in a 12-club league formally styled "The NL and American Association of Professional Base Ball Clubs." The other 4 AA clubs are bought out for about $130‚000. The NL will allow Sunday games for the first time but will retain its 50 cent minimum admission price.
Dec 15, 1891 - The AA and NL meet together in Indianapolis to settle the matter with the "frozen out" AA members: Milwaukee‚ Columbus‚ Chicago and Boston.
Nov 28, 1891 - AA president Zach Phelps announces that the rumored 12-club consolidation is impossible. He does not realize that the NL has already begun to win over individual AA owners to the plan.
Nov 11, 1891 - The NL meets and dismisses the charges of collusion and game throwing against the eastern clubs brought by Chicago‚ thereby formally giving Boston the pennant. The league also plans its strategy for conquering the association by consolidating the 4 strongest AA clubs into a 12-team league for next year.
Jan 13, 1891 - Committees from the American Association and the National League hold a joint session in New York to distribute players who had jumped to the PL.
Nov 22, 1890 - At the AA annual meeting in Louisville‚ the Athletics are expelled for violating the constitution. A new team in Philadelphia is admitted‚ plus entries from Boston‚ Washington‚ and Chicago‚ replacing Syracuse‚ Toledo‚ and Rochester.
Apr 17, 1890 - Spud Johnson opens the season for Columbus (American Association) with a 5-for-5 hit spree against Toledo. In last year's Opening Day game against Baltimore‚ Spud fried the ball with a 4-for-4 effort. In 1991‚ playing for Cleveland (NL) in the opener‚ Johnson will cool down to 2-for-4.
Dec 31, 1889 - Three players purchased from the disbanded Kansas City AA franchise by the NL are divided by lot among the bidding NL clubs. Billy Hamilton is assigned to Philadelphia‚ while Boston is lucky enough to get both Herman Long and Dan Stearns in the drawing.
Dec 20, 1889 - Toledo is admitted to the AA.
Nov 30, 1889 - Baltimore drops out of the American Association and joins the Atlantic Association.
Nov 15, 1889 - Kansas City drops out of the AA.
Nov 14, 1889 - Disgusted by the conduct of the Association and especially the perceived dominance of St. Louis president Chris von der Ahe‚ Brooklyn president Charles Byrne and Cincinnati owner Aaron Stern withdraw from the AA and join the NL. Both teams have been out of the NL for 9 years. Indianapolis and Washington refuse to resign from the league‚ and that organization decides to go as a 10-club circuit.
Nov 11, 1889 - The Joint Rules Committee of the NL and AA makes only minor changes in the playing rules‚ the most important of which is to allow 2 substitutes per team‚ up from one in 1889.
Sep 23, 1889 - An emergency meeting of the American Association Board of Directors reverses the St. Louis forfeit of September 7th‚ the game being ruled as a 4-2 Browns victory‚ although the forfeit of September 8th still stands.
Dec 6, 1888 - The AA votes against adopting the NL's salary classification system‚ to the surprise of the press and the delight of the Brotherhood.
Dec 5, 1888 - Columbus is admitted to the AA to replace Cleveland.
Nov 21, 1888 - Cleveland is formally admitted to the NL to replace Detroit‚ creating a vacancy in the AA.
Jun 1, 1888 - In a dandy matchup in the American Association‚ two unbeaten young pitchers face each other in Brooklyn. Both Leon Viau of Cleveland and Mickey Hughes of Brooklyn are unbeaten since the start of the season‚ but Hughes wins the duel today‚ 3-1. It won't last long: Hughes will lose his next game on June 3‚ 6-4 to St. Louis.
Jan 17, 1888 - Kansas City is admitted to the American Association to replace the Mets. Even though the Mets were bought out by Brooklyn‚ their franchise is only considered suspended until suitable playing facilities in Manhattan can be found.
Dec 8, 1887 - In a controversial move the AA doubles its basic admission price to 50 cents. In late August 1888‚ the league‚ suffering from decreases in attendance and revenues‚ reinstitutes the old admission fee.
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Sep 18, 1887 - Doc Bushong catches for the Browns for the first time since suffering a broken finger on July 1. But he'll never regain the form that made him the best defensive catcher in the AA.
Dec 23, 1886 - The Cleveland club hires Pete Hotaling‚ manager of Savannah last year‚ as captain of the new AA team. The club has already secured a large park site on E. 39th street‚ well removed from downtown.
Dec 15, 1886 - The AA meets and ratifies the new rules. It also approves the new clause that allows a club to reserve a player for as long as it wants‚ not just for next year's contract.
Nov 22, 1886 - The AA admits Cleveland to membership to fill the vacancy caused by Pittsburgh's defection.
Nov 19, 1886 - The NL adopts a straight guarantee system for paying visiting teams. Detroit‚ which wants a percentage system‚ threatens to leave the NL and join the AA. The NL will back down and allow the Wolverines a percentage.
Nov 18, 1886 - The NL meets and admits Pittsburgh‚ which had been looking to leave the AA since last spring.
Nov 16, 1886 - The AA and NL Joint Rules Committee announces the new rules code‚ which includes the following changes‚ among others:
Nov 16, 1886 - Several AA rules are adopted for joint play‚ including giving the home team a choice of first or last ups‚ giving the batter first base on a HPB‚ and restricting the coaches to coaching boxes.
Nov 13, 1886 - The official AA batting averages show Dave Orr (.346) edging Bob Caruthers and Guy Hecker‚ both at .342.
Mar 2, 1886 - The American Association meets and overrules president Denny McKnight (also owner of the Pittsburgh club) and suspends Sam Barkley for signing with Pittsburgh before the dispute over his sale is settled.
Dec 28, 1885 - The AA officially admits the Metropolitans‚ having been forced by the courts to do so.
Dec 18, 1885 - The Washington Nationals are admitted to the NL‚ in place of Providence. The Washington club was displaced in the AA by the court's decision that the Mets' franchise could not be revoked.
Dec 8, 1885 - At an AA meeting in Philadelphia‚ the Metropolitan club is removed from the Association‚ and the National club of Washington is admitted. By court order‚ the Metropolitans will be readmitted.
Dec 11, 1884 - The AA votes to keep its ban on overhand pitching and to continue to allow fouls caught on one bounce to count as outs. It does abolish the tradition of team captains flipping for the honor of batting first. Now the home team will automatically bat first.
May 30, 1884 - You need a scorecard in the American Association. Brooklyn and the Metropolitans play doubleheaders, switching opponents between the first and second games. In the forenoon, the Metropolitans beat St. Louis, 4–2, at Metropolitan Park while Brooklyn was shutting out Indianapolis, 5–0, at Washington Park in Brooklyn. St. Louis and Indianapolis then crossed paths with Indianapolis playing, and beating, the Metropolitans, 10-4 at Metropolitan Park in the afternoon as St. Louis was defeating Brooklyn, 11-5, at Washington Park. All three teams end the day 1-1.
May 30, 1884 - Also in the AA, Washington plays a morning game with Columbus, winning 10–1 and then losing an afternoon match with Cincinnati, 6-5. Columbus plays Baltimore in the afternoon, losing 10-2.
May 1, 1884 - Moses Fleetwood Walker becomes the first black in the ML when he plays for the Toledo club in the American Association. He goes 0-for-3 in his ML debut‚ allowing 2 passed balls and committing 4 errors‚ as his team bows to Louisville 5-1. He will do better in 41 subsequent games before injuries force Toledo to release him in late September. Racial bigotry will prevent his return to ML ball. In July he is joined by his brother Welday‚ an OF. No other black player appears in a ML uniform until Jackie Robinson in 1947.
Nov 24, 1883 - The AA agree to expand to 12 teams by admitting Brooklyn‚ Washington‚ Indianapolis and Toledo.
Nov 22, 1883 - New York owner John B. Day proposes a resolution to prohibit a team from signing a player who has broken the reserve clause in his contract. This resolution‚ eventually adopted by both the AA and the NL‚ effectively changes the reserve rule from a device designed to protect owners from their own greediness to a vindictive weapon to be used against uncooperative players.
May 12, 1883 - At newly built Washington Park‚ between Brooklyn's Park Slope and Red Hook sections‚ opens for play. The home team is the Merritts (Interstate League)‚ recently moved from Camden‚ NJ‚ who will play in the American Association after this one year of minor league ball. Despite seating for only 2‚500 fans‚ 6‚000 show up to cheer. After a warm-up by the 23rd Regiment Band‚ Brooklyn whips Trenton‚ 12-6.
Dec 14, 1882 - At its first annual convention‚ the AA establishes the first permanent staff of umpires in ML history. Previously‚ the NL and AA umpires were local men hired on game day by the home club.
Mar 11, 1882 - In retaliation for the "theft" of Sam Wise and Dasher Troy by the NL‚ the American Association creates a loophole allowing all players either blacklisted or expelled by the NL to join AA clubs after appealing to a special commission.
Nov 2, 1881 - The American Association of Professionals is founded with the motto "Liberty to All." The members are St. Louis‚ Cincinnati‚ Louisville‚ Allegheny‚ Athletic‚ and Atlantic. This AA will be considered a major league.
Jun 20, 1881 - A new Red Stocking team in Cincinnati takes the field for the first time. This club would be among the founders of the American Association next year and would eventually become the NL Reds.
